Fluid pump or motor



` Patented Nov, 29, 1927,

tfiransrarss YEA'il'lI-lll'r @FFE-Cpl? Jenn w. Guarini', or INDIANAroLIs, INDIANA, Assienon or erinnern fro HAROLD TAYLOR, or nvniANeroLrs, rumena.

FLUID ruMr on iviororc.

Application `filed July e,

My invention relates kto an improved fluid umn or motor which ma f be utilized for L )um aine' water and other fluids or as an air O 7 compressor, or it maybe employed lfor creating steam kn'iotive power, and other purposes, and which is of simple character in construction and operation, small and conipact and therefore comparatively inexpensive view of a pump of the ii-type embodying iny invention; and 2 and 3 are vertical sections of a modified form pump, taken `on the dotted lir 2,-2 in Il 3 and 3-3 in' El 2 respectively, the iorins illustrated being to show the adaptability of my improvenient to ifferent types of pumps, motors, conui ssors and, the lilce.

in seid drawing, the numeral 5 indicates the casing of :i pump or power creating apf paratus embodying the principle of my invention, said casing being of any preferred foren and in the type shown in Fig. 1 inembers or c,` s 7., er; end from said main casing 5, in which casing members I mount the cylii'ifhue all, the outer ends of which are secure to the cyl'nder heads, 10, as by bolts, 11, whichhea to the inlet and discharge outlets, 12, 13, respectively. Said casinej 5 constitutesa reservoir contr i Aring' oil, and, as will be understood, the actuated partstlierein and their ns :ire thoroughly lubricated at all times d j the operation of the appara-tus. In casing o mount a drive shaft, 15, con nccted to an eccentric, 16, which is positioned in an accentW i strap,comprising preferably 'he lower and upper sections, 17,18, connected by bolts, i9, or otherwise, and eX- tending from said strap a connecting4 rod,

secured to a pin, 21, mounted in crossbeafl 00 in which latter the piston-rod, 23,

or otherw e, and which rod passes through a packing gland, 25, vsupported `in casing me bei' tl hy the interna-l flange 6', to which vl2 no is secured a packing nut, 25,`for ina1n- .i in turn are connected material 27 in relation toy 192e.4 serial no. 120,644.

openings l31 therethrough, said pistonfhead kbeing mounted ina suitable packing-ring or rings, 32, in a desired manner, the rod 23 and head being hereinafter referred to as the piston. ,I provide piston-rod 23 withavalve, inslidably and yieldingly supported on said rod by a compression spring, 34, supportedv by collar,35, the latter being retained on the rod by pin, 36.Y i y As will be seen, the foregoing description applies to the intake or suction element-of my4 improved apparatus, and the discharge element 'thereof is to more or less extent a counterpart. However, in carrying out my principle the strap 17, 1,8, which may if preferred be a single structure, is provided with a bearing, 38,7to which is connected, by the vpin 39, a connecting-rod, 40, which in turn is connected to pin, 41, in crosshead, 42,-in a mannen similar to that employed in mount ing connectingerod 20, andy to said cross-` head42 I connect a pistonrod, 43, which eX- tends through a packing-nut, 44, and gland, 45,A having packing material, y46, there-be tween, in a manner substantially as that shown and described with `reference to piston-rod 23. The glands`25`and 45 and the packingnuts and packing associated therewith, constituting a unitary bearing for the rods23 and 43,v together with theinternal flanges G in thecasings, forni a closure for the casing members 6 and 7, so that a cha1nber is formed in each, which chambers arer connected by a conduit or'conductor 60 for the conveyance of fluidfrom the intake to the l(Llischarge cylinders, as will further appear. The cross-heads 2.2"and 42 may be packedby any.' suitable material` such as felt or the like, which will absorb oil carried from the reservoir foi-lubricationand at the' saine tune prevent the passage` of surpluslwaterinto the reservoir. `At the outer end ofplston-rod 43 I mount anopenpistonhead, 48,

similar to piston-head 30, and which isprovided with packingrings, 49. "In contra? distinction to piston 30, I mount a valve, 52, on piston-rod 43 at the outer side of the piston-head 48, which is yieldingly positioned on sairbrod Vby the compression spring, 53, secured on the rod by a nut, 54, or otherwise. Itgwill thus be seen that the valves 33 and 52 on the piston-rods 23 and 443 are respectively onthe inner side of piston' 30 and on the outer side of piston 48. Beneath "the` packing glands 25 and 45 in each casing member 6 and 7 I provide ally Opening 0r 'liquid, and connect such eleinent-s by the conduit or conductor, 60, in a manner that the oncoming liuid drawn through the inlet 12 willbe continuously conveyed to the outlet.

13 d'uring'the operation ot my improved apparatus, which is as follows: y

It will be understood that according to the character ol the work to be performed by my Vimproved apparatus the same may be positioned eithei vertically as shown or otherwise, and actuated by manual or inechanical power imparted to shaft 15, that is to say, when devised, tor example, as a milk pump kfor use at refreshment stands and the like, the apparatus maybe manually operated, and when greater service is required, such as the pumping of water in large volume, or steam for motive power, eccentric 16 may be mechanically driven. Vvlhen said shaft 15 is actuated the relative eccentric relation thereof to the ring 16 and strap 18 causes the throw yof said shalt to double the throw ot' piston 30 per each revolution of such shaft, so that in the reciprocal travel of the piston 30 above and below center the throw thereoiI is twice that of the throw of said eccentric, and likewise through `the longer compensatory travel of rod 10 connected toy piston-rod 43 ya similar result is eiiected, in the travel of piston 4S, that is, the piston 43 is also caused Ato travel twice the distance per revolution of shaft 15, so that in the reciprocal movements of the pistons 30 and 48 the stroke of each is twice that of the throw of said eccentric 16, and by which assemblage and connections I am enabled to obtain four ytimes the travel of the pistons from the'tlirow of the'eccentric in comparison with one-half such power obtained in pumps and similar apparatus of which Iam aware. During such operation it will be understood that I employ the eounterbalance 61, which is of approximately the lsame Weight as the connecting rods and parts as# sociated therewith, in order to maintain the equilibrium of the driving lparts at constant speed, which, of course, isa common and well known expedient for the purpose.

As is ywell known to those skilled in such matters, the standard of speed of reciprocating pumps in general is approximately one hundred feet piston travel per minute, but by my improved apparatus I am enabled to reciprocate the pistons at materially higher speed than standard and thereby greatly increasing its volume,'and thus synchronize the action of the valves with the speed of the fluid so that as the valves are' closing is at the same time creating a vacuum in conductor and the chambers co1nmunieating therewith, which draws the tluid into said conductor, and during which operation `valve 33 is opened. During this period the eccentric 16 is at a quarter turn upward, jmd when said eccentric strikes dead center the pistonsmomentarily stop, at which particular moment the circulating fluid, traveling faster than the pistons, opens both of said valves. At this instant the pistons are starting on the downward stroke, and the eccentric rotates from dead center with a slow vertical movement due to the fact that the valves are open and the fluid is consequently traveling faster than the pistons, during which occurrence the pressure is being raised in conductor 60 and creating a vacuum in inlet 19. which opens the valve 52, and vice versa, so that in the ieciprocal action of said pistons there is a constant flow of liu'id into the inlet through the conduit or conductor, and out through the discharge of the cylinder 9. Such flow is constant and unobstructed for the reason that the yielding valves 33 and 52, as stated, are never Sulliciently closed against the passage ot fluid as to prevent the pressure thereof from opening such valves, and the suctional power of piston 30 and discharge power of piston 48 insure a Siphon-like continuous circulation of the fluid at all times without disturbance of theassemhled mechanisms or the common water-hammer incident to the operation of pumps and the like; in other words, the iluid passing through the intake cylinder, through the conduit, and thence outwardly through the discharge cylinder, and displacing the valves in its passage, causes such fluid to travel continuously and uninterruptedly, its travel being accelerated by the reciprocation of the pistons, the valves ot which synchronize with the speed of the tluid, and which pistons are required to travel but a very short distance, as indicated in the drawing'. By the synchronizing action of the valves with the flow of the fluid a high rate of speed of the pistons is at tained, by which the inertia of the fluid is overcome, for the reason that the fluid at all times ilows uninterruptedly through the valves, and with such high speed and the valves working continueusly'and alternately on the fluid (one valve taking up the fluid as it is leaving the other valve), a high rate of continuous and uninterrupted ilow of the iluid is produced, which, as stated, over- (lli Andlin A,c'wercoming Athe inertia of the fluid,

as'indicated, which is not accomplished by pumps with which I am aware, I provide a highly 'practical and efiicient Vapparatus of thekindfor general purposes It will bel further understood that the principle involved in the apparatus shown and described may be utilized for a gas engine and other purposes, as themechanisms therein require but slight modification in minor details, such as packing and the like, and that for use as a hydraulic pump, or a pump for heating systems and the like, the apparatus maybe made on a comparatively small or large scale and the intake and discharge elements multiplied according to the service required.

In Figs. 2 and 3, as stated, a modified form of my improvement is disclosed, which to all intl-nitsV and'purposesis substantially the same in construction and operation as that shown in' Fig. l, except'that the piston rods are remotely connected to an eccentric or crank-shaft as may be desired, and that the position ot the intake and compression cylinders has been reversed `as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2. `It will be understood that the arrangement and operation of the valves in a pump or similar apparatus pro duce ,an extremely simple double-acting pump by the alternating` act-ion of the pistons which create acontinuous flow of fluid withoutloss ci' energy, as ,all of' theenergy isinaintained in the'water (less skin friction) dueto the fact that there is no obstruction tothe flow and that when the water travels slower than the pistons the latter pickup and propel the water in such continuous iiow.

In the simple manner described I produce practical doubleeacting pump embodying two valves only, in `'contradistinct1on to umps of this character which require at least four valves, and inmany instances eight valves are employed', and in fovercoming'the fluid inertia as stated, and" maintaining constant and uninterruptedflow 'ofV the fluid, my simple pump or similar apparatus of a given size is capable of greater capacity than practical pumps of .the same size of' which I am aware. And also, asinf dicated in F ig. l, it will be apparent that in the reciprocation ot' the pistonsan angular relation exists between vthe rods 40 and 20, and during such `reciprocation of the rods about rotating sha-ft 15"` therev is a pronounced variation in their respective strokes,

that is to say, the timing of rod 4 0is in ad: vance` ofrod 20, and therefore an overlap?? ping of the stroke of rod 40 finrelzuzionu to the strokeof` rod 20, with the result .thatf there is a pick-up by said krod 40 din-ing 70` the coincident reciprocationof said rods,`

as `thefload otrod' 20 is synchronouslytransmitted to the recprocatingaction of rod 4:0, and therefore a continuous transference i or pick-up`of the load isestablished during the reciprocation of thel intake anddischarge pistony rods wherebylsuch continuous and j uninterrupted flow ofthe fluid through thev y intake and thence outwardly through the discharge 'cylinders is created without permitting any momentary lack of inactivity or sluggishnelss of' the fluid,` or,` infother words, there is an entire absence of inertia. -1 of the fluid, as the reciprocal action ot the, intake and discharge pistons due to the coinf pensatory rod 40," through vits' overlapping stroke in relation `to the stroke of rod 20j, is an absolute preventive of such situation, and a-'continuous powerful flow offluid is produced. j

I claim as my invention:y Y

l.` In an apparatus of the class described, a cylinder, a` piston therein embodying an open head and a rod, a valve adjacent the r inner side of said head, yielding means for 9" forcing said valve toward said head, a cross head to which said rod is cpnnected, means` for reciprocating said piston, a; discharge cylinder, a piston therein embodying a rod, a crossshead to which said rod is connected, al compensatory rod connecting `@said crosshead and said reciprocating means said piston having an open head, a valve on the outer side of said head, yielding means for forcing said valve towards said head, and means for actuating said reciprocating means to operate ,said pistons.

2. In an Aapparatus of' the class described, a casing, an intakeA cylinder in-said casing, a piston therein for drawing fluid into -said cylinder, a valve associatedvvith said piston and displaceable 'by said iiuid, a'discharge cylinder in said casing, a pistontherein for forcing fluid therefrom, a valve on said latter-piston displaceable by fluid pressure, a conductor connecting said "cylinders sub` stantially at'tlie' point of limit `of thefinA Ward stroke lof said pistons, for conveying fluid from the intaketo the'- discharge cyl-` inders, and means for `reciprocating said pistons simultaneously in outward and inward directions to4k draw fluidl through said intakev cylinder' into ysaid conductor yand through said discharge cylinder in a con- ,im tinuous flow. W

3. In an apparatus of' the` class described. a casing, driving mechanism enclosed in said casing, means. for driving `said mechanism, a connecting rod extending from saiddrivl ing mechanism, a cross-head secured to said rod, ra piston-rod attached to said crosshead/and lhaving a piston at its outer end,

a bearing insaid casingy in which said rod 1s mounted to reciprocate'said bearing forming,` the lower portion of a .chamber in said casing,va yieldingly mounted valve on said rod,anopenended intake cylinder in which said kpiston is mounted; a discharge cylinvder in said casing,"a piston-rod in said disl0.,

cate, said bearing forming the lowerportion ofa fluid containing chamber in said casing, a yieldingly mounted yvalve on said f rod; and a conduit connecting said cylinders at approximatelythe point of limitl of the inward stroke ot said pistons for conducting fluid from said intake to said discharge cylinders.

`4. In an apparatus of the class described, a casing, an eccentric driving Vmechanism f therein, a fluid intake piston connected to said driving mechanism, a cylinder'embodying a chamber in which said piston reci procates, a discharge piston connected to said driving mechanism, a cylinder embodying a chamber in" which said dischargepiston reciprocates, a 'conductor connected to said chambers, and means for actuating said driving mechanism t'o simultaneously reciprocate said pistonsin the same direction to induce the flowot fluid through said yintake cylinl der andfrom thence through said conductor to said discharge cylinder to be conveyed therefrom.k

5. In an apparatus of jthe class described, a casing, a plurality of cylinders, in said casing` reciprocating pistons therein, valves associated with` said pistons, a conductor connecting said cylinders approximately at a point reached by the inward stroke of said pistons, and means to which said .pistons are connected for simultaneously reciprocating said pistons in the same direction.

f 6.1111 an apparatus of the class described, a casing, driving mechanism therein, cylinders positioned radially in relation toy said driving mechanism, reciprocating pistons in saidv cylinders, -a conductor connectingsaid cylinders, and meansvt'or actuating said driving mechanism to reciprocate said pistons for-conveying duid from one to the other ot vsaid cylinders through said conductor.

7. In an apparatus of the class described, a main casing embodying an oil reservoir, cylinder casings connected to said main casing and having openings therein, driving mechanism insaid main. casing and associated with said cylinder casings, pistons in said casinigs connected to and actuated by said driving mechanism, bearings in said casings accessible for adjustment through said openings, a conductor connecting said cylinder casings substantially at the point of limit of the inward stroke of said pistons, and means for actuating said driving mechanism for circulating iiuid from one of said cylinder casings and through said conductor to the other ofsaid cylinder casings in the manner substantially as set forth. f

8.y In an apparatus of the class described,

a casing, a fiuid intake cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, driving mechanism inr said casing, a rod connecting said piston kand driving mechanism, a discharge cylinder, a piston in said discharge cylinder, a crosshead, a rod connecting said latter piston and cross-head, and a compensatory rod connecting said cross-head and said driving mechanism the stroke of said compensatory rod being in advance of the stroke of the rod connecting the driving mechanism to the piston in the intake cylinder whereby inertia ot the iiuid passing through the apparatus is overcome.

9. In an apparatus of the class described, a casing embodying intake and discharge cylinders, a piston in said intake cylinder, a cross-head connected to said piston, a driving shaft in said casing, a driving rod connected to said cross-head and eccentrically mounted on said shaft, a piston in said discharge cylinder, a cross-head connected thereto, a connecting rod pivotally secured to said crosshead, the stroke of said connecting rod being in advance of the stroke ot said driving rod whereby the load of the latter is continuously relieved and received by said connecting rod and inertia of the iluid passing through said apparatus thus overcome.

10. In an apparatus of the class described, a casing embodying intake and discharge cylinders; pistons in said cylinders; crossheads in said casing; rods connecting said pistons and cross-heads; an eccentrically mounted driving element in said casing; a rod connecting said element to the intake piston cross-head; a rod pivotally secured to said element and also pivotally secured to the discharge piston cross-head, the length ot' stroke of the latter rod being in advance of the stroke of the rod connected to thek intake piston cross-head; and means for driving said eccentric element to reciprocate said connecting rods and the pistons associated therewith whereby the load of the intake piston connecting-rod is uninterruptedly transferred to the stroke of the diS- eharge piston connecting-rod for overcoming inertia of the Huid passing through said apparatus.

11. In an apparatus of the class described, a casing embodying intake and discharge cylinders; pistons in said cylinders; crossheads in said casing; rods connecting said pistons and cross-heads; an eccentrically l the discharge piston cross-head the length `of stroke of the latter rod being in advance of the stroke of the rod connected to the intake piston cross-head a fluid conductor connecting said cylinders at substantially the point il of the inward stroke of the pistons therein;

and means for driving said eccentric element to reciprocate said connecting rods and the pistons associated therewith whereby the load of the intake piston connecting-rod is uninterruptedly transferred to the stroke of .15

the discharge piston connecting-rod for overcoming inertia of the fluidv through said apparatus.

1n testimony Whereotl I affix my signature.

JOHN W. GURLEY.

passing 

